ASSESSMENT OF TECHNOGENIC AND ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF A WATER STREAM ACCORDING TO RISK INDICATORS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MILITARY DANGER
Bezsonnyi Vitalii
Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Kharkiv, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8089-7724
Plyatsuk Leonid
Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-5846
Ponomarenko Roman
National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6300-3108
Tretyakov Oleg
National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9868-0486
DOI: 10.52363/2522-1892.2022.2.9
Keywords: ecological safety, surface waters, ecological risk, water quality, water quality indicators
Abstract
Assessment of the ecological risk of deterioration of the state of water bodies was carried out in stages. A list of pollutants that exceed the value of the environmental standard is determined. It is believed that these substances contribute to the development of degradation processes in the water ecosystem. At the second stage, the risk is determined in relation to indicators characterized by the olfactory-reflective effect of exposure (smell, taste, color) and other indicators that shape water quality. At the next stage, the total ecological risk of deterioration of the condition of water bodies is determined. The influence of chemicals on the organoleptic properties of water can manifest itself in a change in its smell, taste and color, as well as in the formation of a surface film or foam. The criterion for the development of indicator models characterized by the olfactory-reflex effect of influence is the visual-organoleptic principle of assessment. The theoretical basis for finding the threshold concentrations of influence on the smell and taste of water is the psychophysical law of Weber-Fechner, according to which the intensity of the sensation is proportional to the logarithm of the concentration of the substance. The assessment of the overall risk of organoleptic effects was carried out by selecting its maximum value from the entire group of values characteristic of each of the substances. The risk assessment is the basis for evaluating the environmental impact as a function of stress exposure in the river basin. As a result of the risk assessment of the results of the possible impact of military actions on the utility facility, it was established that, in addition to organoleptic indicators, the nitrogen group comes to the fore in the list of priority substances in the event of an emergency impact (values are an order of magnitude higher than under normal conditions). It can cause negative health effects, causing mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, and also accelerates the eutrophication of the water body.
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