Environmental efficiency of managing the combustion process in boilers with circulating fluidized bed

Y. Bataltsev, L. Plyatsuk, I. Ablieieva, L. Hurets, O. Miakaiev

 

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2602559

Received: 11 February 2019

Accepted: 19 March 2019

Published online: 22 March 2019

 

 

ABSTRACT

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the technogenic load reducing on the environment from heat and power enterprises by introducing an environmentally friendly technology for solid fuel burning in circulating fluidized bed boilers (CFB). The purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of ensuring the environmental safety of combustion processes in circulating fluidized bed power units, which allows minimizing emissions of man-made components into the atmosphere. The state and prospects of coal fuel burning in a circulating fluidized bed in thermal power plants with a focus on assessing the environmental efficiency of the process was considered. The latest trends in the development of CFB technology are summarized and a look at the future regarding the problems and opportunities of this technology was presented. The factors that determine the level of air pollution by emissions from combined heat and power plants was analyzed, their impact on the environment was considered and the dynamics of pollutants’ emissions in Ukraine was shown. The main methods of reducing the negative impact of CFB boilers on the environment was considered. It has been established that the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions can be reduced by controlling the temperature field of fuel combustion. The principle of operation and features of circulating fluidized bed boilers, their environmental efficiency compared with the flare method of fuel burning was considered. The ecological efficiency of the combustion process control in the CFB boilers was estimated using the real object’s example. It has been determined that the provided technical solutions and environmental protection measures will reduce the gross emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere by 6370.9 tons, which will significantly reduce the load on the air basin and improve the environmental situation in the zone of its influence.

 

Keywords: thermal power plant; coal burning; air pollution; circulating fluidized bed.

 

REFERENCES

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ЛІТЕРАТУРА

1. Sahu S. K., Tiwari M., Bhangare R. C. et al. Partitioning behavior of natural radionuclides during combustion of coal in thermal power plants. Environmental Forensics. 2017. Vol. 18, Issue 1. P. 36–43. doi: 10.1080/15275922.2016.1230910.

2.  Yadav S., Prakash R. Status and environmental impact of emissions from thermal power plants in India. Environmental Forensics. 2014. Vol. 15, Issue 3. P. 219–224, doi: 10.1080/15275922.2014.930937.

3. Ozden B. et al. Enrichment of naturally occurring radionuclides and trace elements in Yatagan and Yenikoy coal-fired thermal power plants, Turkey. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. 2017. Vol. 188. P. 100–107. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.09.016.

4. Singh L. M., Kumar M., Sahoo B. K. et al. Study of radon, thoron exhalation and natural radioactivity in coal and fly ash samples of kota super thermal power plant, Rajasthan, India. Radiation protection dosimetry. 2016. Vol. 171, Issue 2. P. 196–199. doi:10.1093/rpd/ncw057.

5. George K. V., Manjunath S., Rao C. C., Bopche A. M. Cyclone as a precleaner to ESP‐a need for Indian coal based thermal power plants. Environmental technology. 2003. Vol. 24, Issue 11. P. 1425–1430. doi: 10.1080/09593330309385686.

6. Cui L., Li Y., Tang Y. et al. Integrated assessment of the environmental and economic effects of an ultra-clean flue gas treatment process in coal-fired power plant. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018. Vol. 199. P. 359–368. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.174.

7. Spörl R., Walker J., Belo L. et al. SO₃ emissions and removal by ash in coal-fired oxy-fuel combustion. Energy & Fuels. 2014. Vol. 28, Issue 8. P. 5296–5306. doi: 10.1021/ef500806p.

8. Jayasinghe K. T. Performance comparisons on post combustion flue gas control systems in locally available power plants. Engineer-journal of the institution of engineers Sri Lanka. 2018. Vol. 51, Issue 4. P. 47–56. doi: 10.4038/engineer.v51i4.7313.

9. Plyacuk L. D., Bataltsev E. V. Pіdvishchennya ekologіchnoї bezpeki teplovih elektrostancіj za rahunok tekhnologії gazifіkacії vugіllya. Ekologіchna bezpeka. 2012. Vol. 2. P. 90–92.

10. Eskin N., Hepbasli A. Development and applications of clean coal fluidized bed technology. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2006. Vol. 28, Issue 12. P. 1085–1097. doi: 10.1080/10407780600622778.

11. Cetin B., Abacioglu M. Economic analysis for rebuilding of an aged pulverized coal-fired boiler with a new boiler in an aged thermal power plant. Advances in Mechanical Engineering. 2013. Vol. 5. P. 270159. doi: 10.1155/2013/270159.

12. Aliyarov B., Mergalimova A., Zhalmagambetova U. Application of coal thermal treatment technology for oil-free firing of boilers. Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences. 2018. Vol. 55, Issue 2. P. 45–55. doi:10.2478/lpts-2018-0012.

13. Eskin N., Hepbasli A. Development and applications of clean coal fluidized bed technology. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2006. Vol. 28, Issue 12. P. 1085–1097. doi: 10.1080/10407780600622778.

14. Nabeel A., Khan T. A., Sharma D. K. Studies on the production of ultra-clean coal by alkali-acid leaching of low-grade coals. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2009. Vol. 31, Issue 7. P. 594–601. doi: 10.1080/15567030701743684.

15. Geravandi S., Goudarzi G., Mohammadi M. J. et al. Sulfur and nitrogen dioxide exposure and the incidence of health endpoints in Ahvaz, Iran. Health Scope. 2015. Vol. 4, Issue 2. P. e24318. doi: 10.17795/jhealthscope-24318.

16. Sharma N., Bhatnagar S., Jain S. Review of emissions control and nox reduction techniques in coal fired thermal steam generators. Engineering Journal of Application & Scopes. 2016. Vol. 1, Issue 2. P. 70–74. ISSN 2456-0472.

17. Serafin E. Methods for the reduction of harmful substances in the process of energy generation. Autobusy. Bezpieczeństwo i ekologia. 2016. Vol. 12. P. 409–413.

18. Belyavskiy G. A., Varlamov G. B. Otsenka vozdeystviya objektov energetiki na okruzhayuschuyu sredu [Assessment of the impact on the environment of energy facilities]. HGAGH. 2002. P. 369.

19. Pliatsuk L., Hurets L., Miakaieva H., Miakaiev O. Assessing the impact of Sumy CHP on soil. Environmental Problems. 2017. Vol. 2, Issue 2. P. 59–64.

20. Shahzad Baig K., Yousaf M. Coal fired power plants: emission problems and controlling techniques. Journal of Earth Science and Climatic Change. 2017. Vol. 8, Issue 404. P. 2. doi: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000404.

21. Statistical yearbook «Environment of Ukraine 2017». Kyiv, 2018. P. 29–30. Available: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/2018/zb/11/zb_du2017.pdf.

22. Nihalani S. A., Mishra Y., Juremalani J. Emission control technologies for thermal power plants. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2018. Vol. 330, Issue 1. P. 012122.

23. Koornneef J., Junginger M., Faaij A. Development of fluidized bed combustion – An overview of trends, performance and cost. Progress in energy and combustion science. 2007. Vol. 33, Issue 1. P. 19–55. ISSN 0360-1285. doi: 10.1016/j.pecs.2006.07.001.